NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHOLERA AND ENTERIC DISEASES (NICED) ANNUAL REPORT 2003-2004

Particulars	Page No.
Preface	1
1. Study On Hospital Surveillance	12
1.1. Hospital based surveillance system for diarrhoeal diseases	12
2. Community Based Studies	15
2.1 . An operational study on Effect of zinc supplementation on reduction of diarrhoeal morbidity amongst rural children. (In collaboration with Health Department, Government of West Bengal)	15
2.2. Acute lower respiratory tract infection (ALRI) and diarrhoea in rural children below two years in relation to feeding practices with particular reference to breast feeding : A community based study	18
2.3. Epidemiology of typhoid fever in a rural and urban slum community of West Bengal	19
2.4 A study of the impact of albendazole on the nutritional status and diarrhoeal incidence among children between 2-5 years of age in an urban slum of Kolkata	20
3. Clinical Studies	22
3.1. Impact of Lactobacillus (Lactic acid bacteria) in children with acute watery diarrhoea	22
3.2. Evaluation of comparative efficacy of Cefuroxime axetil and Tetracycline in the treatment of cholera in adults	24
4. Studies on Vibrio cholerae	26
4.1. Molecular characterization of CTX prophages of Vibrio cholerae isolated over a span of two decades: an evolutionary study of its variants	27
4.2. Characterization of rough strains of Vibrio cholerae isolated from diarrhoea patients	31
4.3. Studies on the structure-function relationship of Vibrio cholerae hemolysin (HlyA)	33
4.4. Study the enterotoxigenicity of non-toxigenic Vibrio cholerae non-O1, non-O139 strain in an in-vitro rat intestinal model.	34
4.5. Morphological studies on the flagella of Vibrio cholerae	35
4.6. Molecular regulation of intestinal folate transport under the influence of cholera toxin	36
4.7. Studies on the status of baseline serum vibriocidal antibody level against Vibrio cholerae O1 and serogroup O139 in Calcutta community	40
4.8. Sequential studies of Vibrio cholerae 0139 and some of its defined virulence phenotypes on intestinal pathology in rabbit ileal loop model	41
5. Studies on Vibrio cholerae Phages	42
5.1. Further application of phage typing scheme for discriminating strains of Vibrio cholerae O139	42
5.2. Nationwide screening of phage types of V. cholerae O1 biotype EltTor	43
5.3. Molecular analysis of Vibrio cholerae bacteriophages: cloning and sequencing of phage DNA	48

6. Studies on Shigella species	50
6.1. Molecular characterization of multi-drug resistant Shigella flexneri in Kolkata	50
6.2. Antigenic recognition of Shigella dysenteriae outer membrane proteins using human convalescent sera and to evaluate their role in cell-mediated immune response in shigellosis	52
6.3. Up-regulation of mucosal immune response by porin of Shigella dysenteriae type 1: Study of Toll-like receptor, costimulatory molecule and immunoglobulin expression on murine B-1 cell	53
7. Studies on Escherichia coli	55
7.1. Molecular epidemiology of diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) associated with sporadic cases and outbreaks of diarrhoea between 2000 and 2001 in India	55
7.2. Association of cytolethal distending toxin locus cdtB with enteropathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from acute diarrheal patients in Kolkata, India	59
7.3. Electron microscopic study of ultra structures associated with Intestinal cell adherence of enteroaggregative Escherichia coliisolated from acute hospitalized diarrhea cases and healthycontrol children from Kolkata 63	63
7.4. Studies on the binding of Escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin to the intestinal epithelial cells and brush border membranes of different animals	64
8. Studies on Helicobacter pylori	66
8.1. Multiplex PCR assay for rapid detection and genotyping of Helicobacter pylori directly from biopsy specimens	66

8.2. Characterization of the cag pathogenicity island of Helicobacter pylori isolated in Kolkata with reference to interleukin-8 secretion.	74
8.3. Correlation of histology with genotypes of Helicobacter pylori isolated from cases of Peptic ulcer, Non ulcer dyspepsia, Gastric carcinoma and Lymphoma	78
9. Studies on other bacterial pathogen	80
9.1. Differentiation of Salmonella enterica Serotype Typhi by molecular methods	80
9.2. Unusually high-level of quinolone resistance associated with type II topoisomerase mutations in quinolone resistance-determining regions of Aeromonas caviae isolated from diarrhoeal patients	81
9.3. Mode of action of Yersinia enterocolitica heat stable enterotoxin (YSTa) in rat intestinal epithelial cell	83
10. Studies on Diarrhoeagenic Parasites	85
10.1. Studies on rRNA processing in Giardia lamblia	85
10.2. Studies on multiple genes in Entamoeba histolytica during human collagen type I and Ca2+ interaction: Use of genomic DNA microarray	88
10.3. Studies on electron dense granules of Entamoeba histolytica containing collagenase activity	90
11. Studies on Viral Pathogens	94
11.1. Detection and Molecular characterization of Rotaviruses	94
11.2. Detection and Molecular characterization of hepatitis C virus	97
11.3. Studies on human caliciviruses by Reverse Transcripti on-Polymerase Chain Reaction [RT-PCR] to detect the presence of Norwalk like virus [NLV] and Sapporo like virus [SLV]	97
11.4. Studies on astroviruses causing acute watery diarrhoea among children in Kolkata, India	100
11.5. Studies on viral hepatitis among hospitalized cases in Calcutta with special reference to hepatitis E	101
12. Studies on HIV/AIDS	107
12.1. Study on sexually transmitted infections among female sex workers of West Bengal	107
12.2 Detection and Characterization of HIV-2 in Calcutta, India	108
13. Epidemic Investigations	112
13.1. Investigation of an outbreak of acute diarrhoeal disease in Malda district of West Bengal	112
13.2. Report of an diarrhoeal out break in different blocks of Uttar Dinajpur district, West Bengal	114
13.3. Epidemic investigation report of an unknown fever at Murshidabad district of West Bengal	119
13.4. Report of an epidemic investigation of an unknown fever at two villages of Murshidabad district, West Bengal	122
13.5. Report of an outbreak investigation of acute watery diarrhoea at Khidirpur-Hastings area, Kolkata	132
13.6. Epidemic Investigation of bacillary dysentery caused by quinolone resistant Shigella dysenteriae type 1 in north-eastern India	132
14. Activities of National HIV Reference Centre of NICED, Kolkata	134
14.1 Activities of National HIV Reference Centre of NICED, Kolkata	134
15. NICED-JICA Project	137
15.1 The Project for Prevention of Diarrheal Diseases in India (Phase-2)	137
16. IVI-NICED Collaborative Project	141
16.1. Surveillance for typhoid fever and cholera in eastern Kolkata, West Bengal, India	142
16.2. Existing data collection: disease burden due to Cholera, Shigellosis and Typhoid fever in India	144
17. Activities of Training and Extension Division	147
17.1. Organise the visit of Ms. Sushma Swaraj, Hon�ble Minister of Health and Family Welfare, Govt. of India, on June 1, 2003	147
17.2. Training Programme on Immunization Strengthening Project for mid level managers of the districts of 11 Eastern States	147
17.3. National Technology Day Celebration on 14th May 2003	149
17.4. Seminar of Immunology Study Group; West Bengal on 25th July 2003	149
17.5. Oration Lecture of Indian National Science Academy (INSA) on 30th July 2003	149
17.6. Training for M.Sc Biotechnology students of Visva Bharati University on 13th August, 2003	149
17.7. Training Programme for the Students of National Institute of Homeopathy on 29th October, 2003	149
17.8. Pre-Conference CME Workshop on molecular techniques useful in identification and characterization of Enteric Pathogens for APCON 2003 on 10th December 2003	149
17.9. Training programme for WHO Fellows	150
17.10. JICA-NICED Domestic Training Programme on Molecular Epidemiology of Diarrhoeal Diseases with special reference to cholera organized by NICED and Japanese International Cooperation Agency (JICA) during 3rd to 12th November, 2003	150
17.11. 3rd Country JICA-NICED Training Programme on Molecular Epidemiology of Diarrhoeal Diseases with special reference to cholera organized by NICED and Japanese International Cooperation Agency (JICA) during 13th to 26th January 2004	151
17.12. Training for M.Sc Biotechnology students of Kalyani University on 5th- 6th January, 2004	153
17.13. Training Programme for Laboratory Technicians	153
17.14. Organise the following Guest lectures for the Institute	153
17.15. Summer Training Programme conducted for the Students of the following Universities during April, 2003 to March, 2004	154
17.16. Organise the Institutional seminars for the Scientists and fellows	155
17.17. Supply of V.cholerae O1 and O139 antibodies	155
18. Scientific Conference/Seminar/Meeting Attended By The Scientists/Research Fellows/Staff	157
19. Training/Awards received by the Scientists/Fellows/Staff	170
20. Other activities of the Scientists	173
21. List of Publications	179
22. Committees of the Institute	187
23. List of the Staff	191